Friday Special Lecture for High School and University Students
Held on 2021

Friday Special Lecture for High School and University Students

What determines the shape of biological cells? Answers from physics [JP]
Miho Yanagisawa

Video

00:00 タイトル
00:15 司会より金曜講座の概要と本日の講師紹介
04:39 講師挨拶と質問A
08:58 生物の大きさと学問。ソフトマター物理とは
14:29 質問Aからのメッセージ
17:55 生物細胞の形は何が決める?―物理学からの答え―
21:29 人工細胞(リポソーム)の脱水変形(動画例あり)
25:41 赤血球と人工細胞の変形比較
28:10 膜の弾さに着目した物理的記述
32:15 バネの弾性エネルギーと膜の弾性エネルギー:力学的エネルギーを考える
37:15 細胞膜の相分離:脂質ラフト
44:43 まとめ:細胞の形と質問B
47:52 細胞モデルを用いた研究:細胞骨格ゲル
54:02 DNA骨格を備えたリポソームとまとめ
55:39 応用による利点と質問C、みなさんへのメッセージ
1:00:50 質疑応答(一部映像に乱れがあります)
1:21:12 エンドタイトル
Cells, the smallest units of organisms, have shapes appropriate to their functions. For example, red blood cells have a concave disc shape, and the folds on the inner wall of the small intestine have an elongated cylindrical shape. How are these cell shapes determined? We have solved the mechanical laws that determine the shapes of cells by mimicking and building cells using only a few types of molecules. Such cell mimetic systems are also used in mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. In this lecture, I will discuss the mysteries of how molecules assemble to form different cell shapes.

NOTE:
- This lecture was conducted only in Japanese.

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講師紹介
the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Arts and Sciences / Associate Professor
※所属・役職は登壇当時のものです。

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