This lecture focuses on the concept of revolution and its relevance for the Nobel Prizes in physics, chemistry and medicine. Taking medieval European cathedrals as a metaphor, the lecture will discuss the different ways of viewing scientific development by sociologists of science on the one hand and by natural scientists on the other. It will be suggested that the Nobel Prize – since it has existed for such a relatively short time – may have somewhat distorted our view of scientific development.

★Tokyo College： https://www.tc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/